Info. of bbq chicken pau & modified pau

A steamed bun with BBQ chicken that is roasted with char siew sauce; which is halal and suitable for muslim and non-muslim consumer.
Nutritional Value: Energy - 257 kcal, Carbohydrate – 49.6g, Protein – 9.1g, and Fat – 2.5g.

Ingredients: wheat flour, chicken, water, sugar, yeasts, white pepper, modified starch, vegetable shortening and char siew sauce.

Metabolism involved

Carbohydrate metabolism
The digestion of food carbohydrates is started from the breakdown of polysaccharide to monosaccharide. Starch from wheat flour will convert to glucose and pass into the blood stream.
Carbohydrate metabolism begins with glycolysis, which releases energy from glucose to form two moleules of pyruvate, which enter the Kreb cycle and electron transport chain. Ea ch molecule of glucose yields 32 molecules of ATP. If undergo anaerobic conditions, lactate is formed from pyruvate.

Protein metabolism

Chicken and gluten from wheat flour are digested into polypeptides and eventually into individual amino acids. The amino acids are absorbed into the blood and transported to different tissues.

Deamination is the removal of the nitrogen from the amino group.
Transaminase is used to transfer the amino group from amino acids to a compound called alpha-ketoglutarate to form L-glutamate. Then, glutamate is deaminated to yield ammonia which used for the synthesis of urea. Urea is transferred through the blood to the kidneys and excreted in the urine.

Lipid metabolism

The lipoproteins which transport triglycerides derived from the diet to adipose tissue are called chylomicrons.
After dietary fat is consumed, lipolysis will take place to breakdown fat by lipoprotein lipase, which is stimulated by insulin. Then, ß-oxidation will occur within the mitochondria with the end result of two carbon units, acetyl coA that being hydrolysed from the fatty acid chain with each cycle. Then, it will pass through Krebs cycle to produce ATP, CO₂, and water.

Benefits

Wheat Flour - good source of calcium, fiber, trace minerals like selenium and iron which use to maintain the formation of bones, teeth, hormone secretion; regulate bowel function

Chicken - good sources of cancer-protective such are B vitamin, niacin, trace mineral -selenium and vitamin B6.

Sesame Oil - good sources of manganese and copper, calcium, magnesium, iron, phosphorus, vitamin B1, zinc and dietary fiber.

Drawbacks

Some of the manufacturers use fat chicken meats to make the fillings which is contain high level of saturated fat and cholesterol.

This will increase the risk of colon cancer and increases the secretion of bile salts into the gut, whilst in the gut the bacteria will convert the bile salts in carcinogens which can link to liver and other cancers.

Besides, the meats will have the nutritional deficiency and full of chemicals, if the meat’s contents contain the antibiotics and other disease fighting medicine of fillings.

New modification

The modifications are being recommended which is the “Golden Ve-Chic Pau”.

Added the fresh pumpkin into the dough ingredients to make the skin of pau instead of using the whole wheat flour is recommended because this will create a light yellowish to golden colored crust with a unique texture and aroma that without any artificial coloring or flavoring added. Besides that, uses mixtures of vegetables such are diced cucumber, carrot, and yam bean instead of chickens alone as fillings are suggested so that it will provide more fiber and nutrients which good for health.

Benefits after modified

Pumpkin include a cancer fighting properties, antioxidants, low calories and minerals such are potassium, zinc and high in fiber. It also act as semen builder and nourishment to the pregnant woman during their pregnancies and increase bowel movement to prevent constipation happened.

Pumpkin and carrot are high in beta carotene, an important antioxidant that converts to vitamin A. Vitamin A has anti-aging properties and neutralized the free radical which is molecule that can attack cell membranes and leave the cells vulnerable to damage. It also helps in night vision. The cucumber and yam bean contains lots of fiber, which help in digestive system by calming the irritable bowel and triggering regular bowel movements to prevent constipation. Other nutrient’s contents which are folate, potassium, zinc, and vitamin A, C, E, all of these can reduce cardiovascular disease, stroke, cataracts, arthritis, asthma, obesity and osteoporosis and risks of Alzheimer disease.

REFERENCES

• Liz Davis, 2001. Protein metabolism. [Online] Available from: http://www.insulin-pumpers.org/howto/pfandbs-2.html [Accessed on 6 February 2009]
• Dan Benardot, 2009. Healthline Networks. Protein metabolism. [Online] Available from: http://www.healthline.com/hlbook/nut-protein-metabolism [Accessed on 6 February 2009]
• Wardlaw, Gordon M., and Kessel Margaret (2002). Perspectives in Nutrition, 5th edition. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
• Zubay, Geoffrey L.; Parson, William W.; and Vance, Dennis E. (1995). Principles of Biochemistry. Dubuque, IA: William C. Brown.
• David Adams, 2000. University of South Africa. Fat Metabolism. . [Online] Available from: http://www.unisanet.unisa.edu.au/08366/index.htm [Accessed on 6 February 2009]

Any suggestion is welcome!


^Is prepared by Joyce Lo & Alice Mooi ^